Australia is a car-dependent country outside the inner zones of Sydney and Melbourne. Public transport trains, trams, and buses serves inner and middle suburbs of major cities well but becomes less frequent in outer areas. Having a car is near-essential in most suburbs of Perth, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Canberra.

In Sydney, the Opal card is used on trains, buses, and ferries. Melbourne uses the Myki card on trains and trams. These prepaid travel cards can be purchased and topped up at convenience stores and transport stations. Monthly commuting costs using public transport in a major city range from AUD 150 to AUD 300 depending on distance.

Uber and DiDi operate in all major Australian cities and are widely used. Taxi services are available but significantly more expensive.

Cycling infrastructure is improving in major cities, and many Indian migrants find cycling a practical option for short commutes in flat, inner-city areas of Adelaide, Brisbane, and Melbourne.